David+Gritz+and+Hao+1AC

Observation One: Inherency

The United States is the most irresponsible developed country on the issue of hazardous waste dumping in Africa Nancy Weil, writer for IDG News, 2005. InfoWorld http://www.infoworld.com/article/05/10/28/HNe-waste_1.html “The Basel Convention... e-waste exports."

Over 50 million tons of electric waste is being dumped on Africa, exposing much of the African population to deadly toxins such as cadmium, mercury and lead John Njagi, writer for Business Daily, 7/9/07 http://www.bdafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1824&Itemid=5810 “Dealers have …canadium, and mercury.

And the problem will not go away; it is too much of a hassle for most Americans to prevent eWaste John B. Stephenson, Director Natural Resources and Environment, 7-26-05, GAO, Observation on the Role of the Federal Government in Encouraging Recycling and Reuse “Economic factors, such … these requirements”

Observation Two: Harms – We isolate 4 advantages Sub-point A is Biodiversity –

Without waste management we cannot have clean air, water, and food The Basel Action Network, 8-24-06, Executive summary, “The Digital Dump” “At the … of time”

Contamination decreases biodiversity by increased genetic mutations, decreasing heritable genes, and decreasing genetic diversity John W. Bickham, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences @ Texas A & M, 12-99, Mutation Research 463 “The conservation of …some of them”

Loss of each species risks ecological collapse and human extinction David Diner, Ohio State University J.D, Winter 1994, Military Law Review 161,“The Army and the Endangered Species Act: Who’s Endangering Whom?” Lexis “By causing ….to the abyss”

Sub-point B is Health – eWaste poisons the food and water supply Liz Carney, staff writer, 12-19-06, BBC World Service, Nigeria fears e-waste 'toxic legacy' “Meanwhile, the tips … they were illegal”

Toxic dumping hospitalizes thousands and leaves Africa as the global septic tank, holding radioactive and hazardous subtances Charles W. Schmidt, National Association of Science Writers, April 2002, Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 110, Number 4 “Here’s a story …Europe’s industrial processes”

Electronic Trade is just a façade to justify the egregious irresponsibility of richer nations contaminating poorer nations Daily Champion, December 7, 2006, Nigeria; Nigeria As E-Waste Dump, Lexis. “THE cynical and …the guise of trade”

Lack of clean water and sanitation is a form of structural violence driven by legacies of colonialism and present day corporations. Joia S Mukherjee. Medical Director of Partners in Health. 2007. “Structural Violence, Poverty and the AIDS Pandemic” http://www.palgrave-journals.com/development/journal/v50/n2/full/1100376a.html “Current global inequalities … social injustice”

Sub-point C is Consumerism – U.S technological Innovation and Consumerism has lead an exponentially dangerous situation, with everything ultimately becoming waste Charles Schmidt, writer for Environmental Health Perspectives, 2002 http://www.ehponline.org/members/2002/110-4/focus.html “Most experts believe … with it all”

Consumerism and its inherent obsolescence drives the e-waste problem Achim Steiner, executive director of the United Nations Environment Program, Dec. 2, 2006, WORLD IN FOCUS; E-waste@large in Africa, The Advertiser, Lexis. “ACCELERATING trade in … wastes are hazardous”

Sub-point D is Neoliberalism – eWaste trade follows by neoliberal models Alastair Iles, research fellow at Energy and Resources group and University of California, 11-2004, Global Environmental Politics - Volume 4, Number 4, pp. 76-107, Project Muse “Key reasons why … industrial development models”

The e-waste “trade” is false symbiosis and altruism. It only further reinforces the North/South, developed/undeveloped, rich/poor binaries. Achim Steiner, executive director of the United Nations Environment Program, Dec. 2, 2006, WORLD IN FOCUS; E-waste@large in Africa, The Advertiser, Lexis. “Due to the … a digital dump”

Neo-liberalism legitimizes the destruction of all humanity—it sacrifices whole populations on the altar of market fundamentalist dogma. Boaventura de Sousa Santos, Professor of Sociology at the School of Economics, University of Coimbra, 03 (Bad Subjects, Issue #63, April, bad.eserver.org/issues/2003/63/santos.html) “According to Franz … horror and destruction.”

Neoliberal models of eWaste misinterpret the risk it actually poses Alastair Iles, research fellow at Energy and Resources group and University of California, 11-2004, Global Environmental Politics - Volume 4, Number 4, pp. 76-107, Project Muse “Dominant neoliberal, modernist … with modern development”

Thus the plan :

THE UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT SHOULD RULE THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT MUST PROVIDE FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO CLEAN UP ELECTRONIC WASTE IN AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA AND MUST FINANCE THE PROGRAM THROUGH A PIGOUVIAN TAX ON UNITED STATES CORPORATIONS THAT SHIP ELECTRONIC WASTE TO AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA ON CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW GROUNDS Observation Three is solvency –

Extended Producer Responsibility is being touted as an effective way of approaching the mounting E-Waste problem Rolf Widmer, Global Perspectives on EWaste, 2005 http://www.rrrtic.net/archivos/ProyectoReciclaje/21Brasil_Widmer%20et%20al.%20Global%20Perspectives.pdf “Extended Producer Responsibility … and recycle them”

Producer Responsibility has solved empirically– it has handled all the toxic waste in America The Pittsburg Post Gazette, 12/12/2005 (Lexis) “ The polluter pays … Missouri's Times Beach”

And EPR policies give incentives to manufactures to produce more environmental-friendly designs Carola Hanisch, environmental freelance writer, 2000. The American Chemical Society http://pubs.acs.org/hotartcl/est/00/apr/hanis.html “Once companies …environmental research organization”

Full Cost internalization encourages the reduction and recycling of e waste Shawn C. Morton, environmental policy analyst, 98 http://www.web.ca/~smorton/waste_trade.html “Similarly, it can the production process.”