SS+BeglariGajewsky+-+Nigeria+Solar+Box+Cookers

1AC Nigeria Outline for Strange/Serrano Tonia/Mike Right now biomass acts as the main source of fuel for cooking in Nigeria. It grows scarcer every day and is directly connected to the strategically essentialized conditions of women. O. I. Aina; A. I. Odebiyi, doctorate in sociology and is a senior lecturer at the OAU in Ife, Nigeria, Department of Sociology, University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 1998 (“Domestic Energy Crisis in Nigeria: Impact on Women and Family Welfare”, //African Economic History//, No. 26. (1998), pp. 1-14., JSTOR)

One death occurs every 20 seconds because of indoor air pollution caused by cooking methods alone. Solar Household Energy Inc. last modified 7/17/07 (“the Crisis” http://www.she-inc.org/crisis.php)

As the availability of biomass shrinks, women in Nigeria’s search for fuel extends. Unhealthy fuel gathering trends ensure oppression and subordination for women. O. I. Aina; A. I. Odebiyi, doctorate in sociology and is a senior lecturer at the OAU in Ife, Nigeria, Department of Sociology, University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 1998 (“Domestic Energy Crisis in Nigeria: Impact on Women and Family Welfare”, //African Economic History//, No. 26. (1998), pp. 1-14., JSTOR)

Contention 2- Gender bias in current energy policy ignores women’s time burden. Energia/Dfid, Collaborative Research Group on Gender and Energy (CRGGE) March __06__ (FROM THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS TOWARDS A GENDER SENSTITIVE ENERGY POLICY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE AND CASE STUDIES) Synthesis report http://www.energia.org/resources/reports/dfid_synthesis.pdf)

Lack of time is paramount to the marginalization and powerlessness of women. Political decision making that is inclusive of women’s needs resolves not only the burden of time, but the health of the whole family. Annabel Rodda 1991 (__Women and the Environment__ pg. 91-93)

We need to reconceptualize development from a women’s point of view to allow humanity to go on. Gita Sen, Abjunct Professor of Population and International Health, Department of Population and International Health, Harvard School of Public Health and Caren Grown director Poverty Reduction and Economic Growth team at the International Center for Research on Women, 1987 (__Development, crisis, and alternative visions__ pg. 23-24)

The gates must be opened: Solvency depends on the prioritization of “third world” discourse and gender above dominant academia. J. __oloka-Onyango__ and Sylvia Tamale, Human rights quarterly, 1995 (the personal is political” or why women’s rights are indeed human rights: an African perspective on international feminism Muse)

Bringing the local women’s concerns to policymaking is crucial to address these harms. Irene, Dankelman, ecologist at WEDO, and Davidson 1988( __Women and the environment in the third world__)

=This influences our support for the following plan: The United States federal government should provide education, demonstration, and distribution of alternative renewable energy for stoves based on interactive dialogue through the Method of Multiple Introduction in Nigeria.= = = Women in Afrika want better technology when it comes to cooking. Lack thereof perpetuates domestic indoor air pollution and undercooked meals. D.J. Shehu 97 (in __African Feminism: the politics of survival in sub-Saharan Africa__ by Mikell “Technology and the Fuel Crisis: Adjustment among Women in Northern Nigeria” page. 288-9)

Solar box Cookers solve indoor air pollution, fuel, water, and empower women in development. Jenni Christensen Currit and Steven E. Jones, Department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young University, July 1 03, “Solar Cookers for Developing Countires,” http://solarcooking.org/Solar-Ovens-for-Developing-Countries.htm)

The method of Multiple Introduction includes women in decision-making on what form of alternative energy is best for them. Merridy Wilson and J Maryann Green 00 ((“The feasibility of introducing solar ovens to rural women in Maphephethe”)

Our method solves Nigeria– policies must take into account multiple conditions. O. I. Aina; A. I. Odebiyi, doctorate in sociology and is a senior lecturer at the OAU in Ife, Nigeria, Department of Sociology, University of Ife, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 1998 (“Domestic Energy Crisis in Nigeria: Impact on Women and Family Welfare”, //African Economic History//, No. 26. (1998), pp. 1-14., JSTOR)

In a capitalist world, policies must work within this system to maximize the benefits for those most impacted. April A. Gordon 96, __Transforming Capitalism and Patriarchy: Gender and Development in Africa__ p. vii-viii)

U.S. action is necessary to transfer Africa to clean energy – otherwise instability will threaten U.S. interests.
Center for American Progress, 7-17-07 (Africa’s Energy Crisis Worsens: Viable Clean Energy Alternatives Are Imperative, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2007/07/energy_crisis.html)

If we have time left over we will probably read callahan and rescher (decision rule cards against nuclear war scenarios